Certified Addiction Counselor (CAC) Practice

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How do CNS stimulants primarily function?

  1. By lowering heart rate and blood pressure

  2. By producing arousal and increasing alertness

  3. By inducing relaxation and sleepiness

  4. By inhibiting activity in the limbic system

The correct answer is: By producing arousal and increasing alertness

CNS stimulants primarily function by producing arousal and increasing alertness. These substances, such as amphetamines and cocaine, enhance the activity of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly dopamine and norepinephrine. This increased activity leads to heightened energy levels, enhanced mood, and improved concentration. The physiological effects of CNS stimulants typically include raised heart rate and blood pressure, which contrasts with the option of lowering these parameters, and they foster wakefulness and focus rather than relaxation or sleepiness. Unlike options that suggest inducing relaxation or inhibiting activity in the limbic system, stimulants actively engage and stimulate various brain regions, leading to a state of excitement rather than calmness. Thus, their primary role is to increase alertness and promote a state of arousal.

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